Hans Hofmann
Fall Euphony 1959
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Fall Euphony
Hans Hofmann’s Fall Euphony at first could seem to belong on the walls of a daycare center. Across the painting’s six foot-wide by four foot-tall canvas, variously sized, mostly-rectangular shapes, mainly in vibrant colors, nest together like a rustic set of puzzle blocks returned to their box. Vertical and horizontal streaking here and there testifies to how Hofmann applied paint, which was by spreading with the long and short sides of a slender spatula. Along the edges between blocks up-close, out-of-place specks of white and other colors become visible.Yet in overall effect the shapes and colors are tidy and uniform.
Out of about twenty, a dozen of the pieces come in contact with an edge of the painting and so make up part of the outline. A complicated blue one along the top middle branches into three fingers and a thumb extending inside. Along the bottom edge of the painting, a mustard-colored block resembles a capital L, and the flat top of its slender ascending arm makes flush contact with a descending blue fingertip left of center.
Among the blocks located or extending to the middle of the painting, a complete set of the most basic and contrasting variations of red, green, blue and yellow are represented. Alongside and around them other blocks exhibit the same hues in a succession of gradations from light to dark, concluding with an unequivocally black block in the lower left corner. A few others suggest gradations along another dimension, evoking a blend of two of the pure colors, such as a lime-colored block close to the center, which seems intermediate between blocks of green and yellow directly below it. To the right and above there is a block that is simply gray, while below and to the left there is an equally gray but possibly darker block in diagonal opposition.
The painting comes to seem less systematic after a while. The big blue shape soon appears not to be just one blue or even just one piece. Along its boundary with a big primary yellow square in the upper right corner, an incompletely mixed strip of a paler blue tint has been applied. After noticing this, nearby smearing along the blue boundary with other blocks seems possibly intentional. Finally, it becomes apparent that the whole far-left section of the blue shape, encompassing the thumb and first finger, are a very slightly lighter blue, which appears abruptly and only on one side of a narrow isthmus that first seemed to join this section to the rest. Other subtleties and complications appear the longer you look.
Hofmann inscribed his signature and the year “59” close to the bottom in black across two brightly tinted red blocks in the lower left. 1959 was only the first year after he’d retired from four decades as a professor of art. Fittingly, Fall Euphony seems not just to employ but to invoke and demonstrate the principles of color Hofmann had for so long lectured and written books about.
Without depicting or exactly replicating the colors of autumn tree leaves as they change, Hofmann has somehow captured and conveyed something of the phenomenon, as well as the mood. The euphony Hofmann had in mind may be in how simply the painting evokes all this. Like the pleasure of a poetically pithy phrase or aphorism. Including even a downbeat one.
“The whole world, as we experience it visually, comes to us through the mystic realm of color.”
-Hans Hofmann
Hans Hofmann was born in Weißenburg, Bavaria, Germany, on March 21, 1880.
He was something of a child prodigy, excelling in mathematics, sciences and music, as well as drawing, from a young age. At the age of sixteen, Hofmann was made Director of the Public Works of the State of Bavaria, and his mathematical skills led to several scientific inventions.
In 1904, Hofmann moved to Paris and studied art, attending night classes at the École de la Grande Chaumière and taking courses at the Académie Colarossi. Hofmann later returned to Germany and began to focus on teaching art. He opened the School of Fine Arts in Munich in 1915, and after moving to New York City in the 1930’s, he established the Hans Hofmann School of Fine Arts in New York in 1933 and also created a summer school in Provincetown, Massachusetts in 1935. Many notable artists, including Lee Krasner, Helen Frankenthaler, Charles and Ray Eames, Red Grooms, Joan Mitchell and Larry Rivers were his students. Hofmann stated his philosophy of art in the prospectus of his Munich school: “Art does not consist in the objectivized imitation of reality. Without the creative impulse of the artist, even the most perfect imitation of reality is a lifeless form…”
In 1958, Hofmann gave up his forty-year teaching career to devote himself to painting. In his late works, such as Fall Euphony, he dedicated himself to the explorations of color, space and form. In Fall Euphony, one can observe his style of quieter, heavily paint-laden, constructed rectangles. During this period, he also created highly energized and gestured drip paintings.
Hans Hofmann was one of the twentieth century’s most influential art teachers and became a beacon for aspiring young artists in America. His methods influenced several generations of painters.
Hofmann died on February 17, 1966, in New York City.
-Abhi Singh